JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, 
HYDERABAD 
III Year B.Tech EEE - I  L T/P/D  C 
4  -/-/-  4 
(A50221) POWER SYSTEMS - II 

---

Objective : 

This course is an extension of Power systems-I course. It deals with basic theory of transmission lines modeling and their performance analysis. Also this course gives emphasis on mechanical design of transmission lines, cables and insulators.

UNIT - I:

Transmission Line Parameters: Types of conductors - calculation of resistance for solid conductors - Calculation of inductance for single phase and three phase, single and double circuit lines, concept of GMR & GMD, symmetrical and asymmetrical conductor configuration with and without transposition, Numerical Problems. 
Calculation of capacitance for 2 wire and 3 wire systems, effect of ground on capacitance, capacitance calculations for symmetrical and asymmetrical single and three phase, single and double circuit lines, Numerical Problems. 

UNIT - II:

Performance of Short and Medium Length Transmission Lines: Classification of Transmission Lines - Short, medium and long line and their model representations - Nominal-T, Nominal-Pie and A, B, C, D Constants for symmetrical & Asymmetrical Networks, Numerical Problems. Mathematical Solutions to estimate regulation and efficiency of all types of lines - Numerical Problems.

Long Transmission Line-Rigorous Solution, evaluation of A,B,C,D Constants, Interpretation of the Long Line Equations, Incident, Reflected and Refracted Waves -Surge Impedance and SIL of Long Lines, Wave Length and Velocity of Propagation of Waves - Representation of Long Lines - Equivalent-T and Equivalent Pie network models (numerical problems).

UNIT-III:

Power System Transients & Factors Governing The Performance of Transmission Lines: Types of System Transients - Travelling or Propagation of Surges - Attenuation, Distortion, Reflection and Refraction Coefficients - Termination of lines with different types of conditions - Open Circuited Line, Short Circuited Line, T-Junction, Lumped Reactive Junctions (Numerical Problems). Bewley’s Lattice Diagrams (for all the cases mentioned with numerical examples). 

Skin and Proximity effects - Description and effect on Resistance of Solid Conductors - Ferranti effect - Charging Current - Effect on Regulation of the Transmission Line. Corona - Description of the phenomenon, factors affecting corona, critical voltages and power loss, Radio Interference.

UNIT - IV:

Overhead Line Insulators & Sag and Tension Calculations: Types of Insulators, String efficiency and Methods for improvement, Numerical Problems - voltage distribution, calculation of string efficiency, Capacitance grading and Static Shielding.

Sag and Tension Calculations with equal and unequal heights of towers, Effect of Wind and Ice on weight of Conductor, Numerical Problems - Stringing chart and sag template and its applications. 

UNIT - V:

Underground Cables: Types of Cables, Construction, Types of Insulating materials, Calculations of Insulation resistance and stress in insulation, Numerical Problems. Capacitance of Single and 3-Core belted cables, Numerical Problems. Grading of Cables - Capacitance grading, Numerical Problems, Description of Inter-sheath grading.

TEXT BOOKS: 

1. Electrical power systems - by C.L.Wadhwa, New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers.
2.  Electrical Power Systems, PSR, Murthy, BS Publications.

REFERENCE BOOKS: 

1. A Text Book on Power System Engineering by M.L.Soni, P.V.Gupta, U.S.Bhatnagar, A.Chakrabarthy, Dhanpat Rai & Co Pvt. Ltd.
2. A Text Book of Power System Engineering, R. K. Rajput, Laxmi Publications (P) Limited.
3. Electrical Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution S. N. Singh, PHI.
4. Principles of Power Systems, V. K. Mehta and Rohit Mehta S. Chand Company Pvt. Ltd.
5. Power System Engineering, I.J.Nagarath and D.P.Kothari, TMG.
6. Power System Analysis and Design, Dr. B. R. Gupta, S. Chand & Company Limited.
7. Power System Analysis, Operation and control, Abhijit Chakrpabarti, Sunitha Halder, PHI, 3/e, 2010
8. Electrical Power Transmission system engineering Analysis and design by Turan Gonen, CRC Press (Taylor & Francis Group) Special Indian Edition, 2/e.

Outcome:

After going through this course the student gets a thorough knowledge on calculation of transmission line parameters, performance analysis of short medium long length transmission lines and factors affecting the performance analysis of transmission lines, transients in power systems, operation of different types of overhead line insulators, sag and tension calculation of transmission lines and detailed analysis of underground cables for power transmission and distribution, with which he/she can able to apply the above conceptual things to real-world electrical and electronics problems and applications.