R18 B.TECH ECE

EC402PC: ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS AND WAVES

B.Tech. II Year II Sem. L T P C

3 0 0 3

Pre-requisite: Applied Physics

Course Objectives:

• To learn the Basic Laws, Concepts and proofs related to Electrostatic Fields and Magnetostatic Fields, and apply them to solve physics and engineering problems.
• To distinguish between static and time-varying fields, and understand the significance and utility of Maxwell’s Equations and Boundary Conditions, and gain ability to provide solutions to communication engineering problems.
• To analyze the characteristics of Uniform Plane Waves (UPW), determine their propagation parameters and estimate the same for dielectric and dissipative media.
• To conceptually understand the waveguides and to determine the characteristics of rectangular waveguides, microstrip lines .

Course Outcomes: Upon completing this course, the student will be able to

• Get the knowledge of Basic Laws, Concepts and proofs related to Electrostatic Fields and Magnetostatic Fields.
• Distinguish between the static and time-varying fields, establish the corresponding sets of Maxwell’s Equations and Boundary Conditions.
• Analyze the Wave Equations for good conductors, good dielectrics and evaluate the UPW Characteristics for several practical media of interest.
• To analyze completely the rectangular waveguides, their mode characteristics, and design waveguides for solving practical problems.

UNIT – I

Electrostatics: Coulomb’s Law, Electric Field Intensity – Fields due to Different Charge Distributions, Electric Flux Density, Gauss Law and Applications, Electric Potential, Relations Between E and V, Maxwell’s Two Equations for Electrostatic Fields, Energy Density. Convection and Conduction Currents, Dielectric Constant, Isotropic and Homogeneous Dielectrics, Continuity Equation, Relaxation Time, Poisson’s and Laplace’s Equations, Capacitance – Parallel Plate, Coaxial, Spherical Capacitors.

UNIT – II

Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart’s Law, Ampere’s Circuital Law and Applications, Magnetic Flux Density, Maxwell’s Two Equations for Magnetostatic Fields, Magnetic Scalar and Vector Potentials, Forces due to Magnetic Fields, Ampere’s Force Law.

UNIT – III

Maxwell’s Equations (Time Varying Fields): Faraday’s Law and Transformer EMF, Inconsistency of Ampere’s Law and Displacement Current Density, Maxwell’s Equations in Different Forms, Conditions at a Boundary Surface - Dielectric-Dielectric and Dielectric-Conductor Interfaces.

UNIT – IV

EM Wave Characteristics: Wave Equations for Conducting and Perfect Dielectric Media, Uniform Plane Waves – Definitions, Relation between E & H, Sinusoidal Variations, Wave Propagation in Lossless and Conducting Media, Conductors & Dielectrics – Characterization, Wave Propagation in Good Conductors and Good Dielectrics, Polarization.

Reflection and Refraction of Plane Waves – Normal and Oblique Incidences for both Perfect Conductor and Perfect Dielectrics, Brewster Angle, Critical Angle and Total Internal Reflection, Surface Impedance, Poynting Vector and Poynting Theorem.

UNIT – V

Waveguides: Electromagnetic Spectrum and Bands. Rectangular Waveguides – Solution of Wave Equations in Rectangular Coordinates, TE/TM mode analysis, Expressions for Fields, Characteristic Equation and Cut-off Frequencies, Dominant and Degenerate Modes, Sketches of TE and TM mode fields in the cross-section, Phase and Group Velocities, Wavelengths and Impedance Relations, Equation of Power Transmission, Impossibility of TEM Mode. Microstrip Lines – Zo Relations, Effective Dielectric Constant.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Engineering Electromagnetics – William H. Hayt Jr. and John A. Buck, 8th Ed., McGrawHill,2014
2. Principles of Electromagnetics – Matthew N.O. sadiku and S.V. Kulkarni, 6th Ed., Oxford University Press, Aisan Edition, 2015.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems – E.C. Jordan and K.G. Balmain, 2ndEd., 2000, PHI.
2. Engineering Electromagnetics – Nathan Ida, 2nd Ed., 2005, Springer (India) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.