JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD 
III Year B.Tech. ECE - I Sem      L  T/P/D  C 
                                               4   - / - /-  4 
(A50516) COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND OPERATING SYSTEMS

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Course Objectives:

The course objectives are:

• To have a through understanding of the basic structure and operation of a digital computer.
• To discuss in detail the operation of the arithmetic unit including the algorithms & implementatio of fixed-point and floating-point addition, subtraction, multiplication & division.
• To study the different ways of communicating with I/O devices and standard I/O interfaces.
• To study the hierarchial memory system including cache memories and virtual memory.
• To demonstrate the knowledge of functions of operating system memory management scheduling, file system and interface, distributed systems, security and dead locks.
• To implement a significant portion of an Operating System.

UNIT - I:

Basic Structure of Computers: Computer Types, Functional UNIT, Basic Operational Concepts, Bus, Structures, Software, Performance, Multiprocessors and Multi Computers, Data Representation, Fixed Point Representation, Floating - Point Representation.

Register Transfer Language and Micro Operations: Register Transfer Language, Register Transfer Bus and Memory Transfers, Arithmetic Micro Operations, Logic Micro Operations, Shift Micro Operations, Arithmetic Logic Shift Unit, Instruction Codes, Computer Registers Computer Instructions - Instruction Cycle.

Memory - Reference Instructions, Input - Output and Interrupt, STACK Organization, Instruction Formats, Addressing Modes, DATA Transfer and Manipulation, Program Control, Reduced Instruction Set Computer.

UNIT - II:

Micro Programmed Control: Control Memory, Address Sequencing, Microprogram Examples, Design of Control Unit, Hard Wired Control, Microprogrammed Control.

The Memory System: Basic Concepts of Semiconductor RAM Memories, Read-Only Memories, Cache Memories Performance Considerations, Virtual Memories secondary Storage, Introduction to RAID.

UNIT - III:

Input-Output Organization: Peripheral Devices, Input-Output Interface, Asynchronous Data Transfer Modes, Priority Interrupt, Direct Memory Access, Input-Output Processor (IOP), Serial Communication; Introduction to Peripheral Components, Interconnect (PCI) Bus, Introduction to Standard Serial Communication Protocols like RS232, USB, IEEE1394.

UNIT - IV:

Operating Systems Overview: Overview of Computer Operating Systems Functions, Protection and Security, Distributed Systems, Special Purpose Systems, Operating Systems Structures-Operating System Services and Systems Calls, System Programs, Operating System Generation.

Memory Management: Swapping, Contiguous Memory Allocation, Paging, Structure of the Page Table, Segmentation, Virtual Memmory, Demand Paging, Page-Replcement Algorithms, Allocation of Frames, Thrashing Case Studies - UNIX, Linux, Windows

Principles of Deadlock: System Model, Deadlock Characterization, Deadlock Prevention, Detection and Avoidance, Recovery from Deadlock.

UNIT - V:

File System Interface: The Concept of a File, Access Methods, Directory Structure, File System Mounting, File Sharing, Protection.

File System Implementation: File System Structure, File system Implementation, Directory Implementation, Allocation Methods, Free-Space Management.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Computer Organization - Carl Hamacher, Zvonks Vranesic, SafeaZaky, 5th Edition, McGraw Hill.
2. Computer System Architecture - M. moris mano, 3rd edition, Pearson
3. Operating System Concepts - Abreham Silberchatz, Peter B. Galvin, Greg Gagne, 8th Edition, John Wiley.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Computer Organization and Architecture - William Stallings 6th Edition, Pearson
2. Structured Computer Organization - Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 4th Edition, PHI
3. Fundamentals of Computer Organization and Design - Sivaraama Dandamudi, Springer Int. Edition
4. Operating Systems - Internals and Design Principles, Stallings, 6th Edition - 2009, Pearson Education.
5. Modern Operating Systems, Andrew S Tanenbaum 2nd Edition, PHI
6. Principles of Operating System, B. L. Stuart, Cengage Learning, India Edition.

Course Outcomes:

Upon completion of the course, students will have through knowledge about:

• Basic structure of a digital computer
• Arithmetic operations of binary number system
• The organization of the Control Unit, Arithmetic and Logical Unit, Memory Unit and the I/O unit.
• Operating system functions, types, system calls.
• Memory management techniques and dead lock avoidance
• Operating system file system and implementation and its interface.