JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
II Year B.Tech. Biotech. I-Sem T T/P/D C
4 -/-/- 4
CELL BIOLOGY

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Objectives: The objective of the course is to familiarize the students with cell structure, function, multiplication, differentiation, inter and intracellular signaling and regulatory pathways.

UNIT - I:

CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Basic properties of cells; Cell theory; Cell complexity; Different classes of cells; Dimensions of cells; Size & shape of Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic cells; Chemistry of the cell; Importance of carbon and water; Plasma membranestructure and function; Cytoplasm & Cytoskeleton; Microtubules, Microfilaments, Intermediate Filaments. Structure and functions of Nucleus, Endoplasmic reticulum, Ribosomes, Golgi Complex, Lysosomes, Peroxisomes, Chloroplast & Mitochondria.

UNIT - II:

INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Passive and Active Transport, Permeases, Na+/K+ Pump, ATPase pumps, Lysosomal & Vacuolar membrane, ATP dependent Proton Pumps, Co-Transport, Symport, Antiport, Transport into Prokaryotic Cells, Endocytosis and Exocytosis.
Post-Translational Modifications and Transport of Macromolecules:Protein glycosylation, and other modifications. Sorting & macromolecular traffic within cells. Polarization of cells & trafficking in polarized cells.

UNIT - III:

CELL DIVISION AND DIFFERENTIATION
Overview of the Cell Cycle, Interphase, Mitosis, Meiosis and Cytokinesis. Animal Cell & Yeast Cell Division, Cell Cycle Control & Checkpoints.
General Characteristics of Cell Differentiation, Historical events in Cell differentiation, Cytoplasmic determinants, Nucleoplasmic Interactions; Stem Cell differentiation and its Biological Importance.

UNIT - IV:

RECEPTORS & SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION
Cytosolic, Nuclear & Membrane bound receptors, Examples and types of receptors; Chemo receptors of Bacteria (Attractants & Repellents), Concept of Secondary messengers, cAMP, cGMP, Protein Kinases, G Proteins, Steroid / Peptide hormone regulation, Tissue specific regulation.

UNIT - V:

DISRUPTION OF CELLULAR PATHWAYS AND INTRODUCTION TO CANCER
Characteristics of cancer cells; Disruption in cell cycle; Disruption in cell signaling. Micro organisms and cancer. Telomere/telomerase and cancer.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Cell & Molecular Biology by Gerald Karp (2nd Ed.) Wiley publishers.
2. The Cell by Cooper.

REFERENCES:

1. The World of the cell by Becker, Reece, Poenie (3rd edition) Benjamin Publishers.
2. Molecular Biology of the cell by Bruce Alberts.
3. Cell and Molecular biology – De Robertis and De Robertis Waverly Pvt. Ltd.
4. Molecular biology- Mohan P. Arora

Outcomes: After completion of the course students would be able to distinguish different cell organelles by structures and explain the mechanisms associated with them. They can identify the important check points of cell division and alteration leading to fatal consequences.