JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
II Year B. Tech. Biotech I-Sem L T/P/D C
4 -/-/- 4
BIOFLUID MECHANICS

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Objectives: This course is formulated to impart the knowledge of fluids, flow properties and their measurements
with respect to process operations.

UNIT - I

Overview of Fluid Mechanics
Application of Engineering principles in bioprocess Industries-Introduction to unit operations and its application in Bioprocess Industries. Concept of units and dimensions, basic quantities and derived units in SI and American Engineering system, conversion of units. Concept of mass and force, various equations of state including ideal gas law to evaluate P.V.T data, their application in process calculations by solving basic numerical problems.

UNIT - II

Properties & Classification of Fluids
Fluid mechanics- Properties of fluids, fluid statics, energy balance in fluid flow through pipes and conduits, Bernoulli’s equation and its application, calculation of power required for pumping fluids. Examples from bioprocessing systems. Rheology of fluids - Newton’s law of viscosity. Concept of Newtonian and non - Newtonian fluids- Different types of non-Newtonian fluids with examples in bioprocessing. Measurement of viscosity using extrusion rheometer, plate and cone viscometer, coaxial cylinder viscometer.

UNIT - III

Flow Resistance & Pressure Drop
Flow through pipes, average velocity, flow regimes, Laminar and turbulent flow – characterization by Reynold’s number, pressure drop due to skin friction and form friction, friction factor chart, Hagen -Poiseuille equation. Flow past immersed bodies: Definition of drag and drag coefficient. Friction in flow through beds of solids, derivation of friction factor equations and pressure drop expressions. Introduction of the concept of packed beds. Concept of terminal velocity.

UNIT - IV

Flow Measuring Devices
Flow measuring and monitoring systems- valves, bends, elbows, prevention of leaks, mechanical seals, stuffing box. Flow measuring devices-manometers, orifice meter, venture meter and rotameter.

UNIT - V

Pumps
Fluid transportation machinery: Different types of pumps, positive displacement pumps, reciprocating pumps, diaphragm pumps, peristaltic pumps. Calculation of pump horse power.

TEXT BOOKS:

Unit operations of chemical engineering, Mc Cabe, W.L, Smith J.C., and Harriot P., Mc-Graw Hill, 3rd Ed.
Unit Operations-1: K. A.Gavhane: Nirali Prakashan

REFERENCES:

1. Fluid mechanics and machinery, C. P. Kothandaraman and R. Rudramoorhy, New Age International Publishers, 3rd Ed (2012).
2. “Technical aspects of the rheological properties of microbial cultures“, - Charles, M in Advances in Biochemical Engineering, Ghose, T.K., Fiechter, A and Blakebrough, N.(Eds), Spinger-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 1-62
3. Unit operation in Food processing, Earle, R.L. (1996) Pergamon Press, Oxford, PP. 212-282.
4. Introduction to Biochemical Engineering, D.G.Rao, Tata Mc Hill (2005)
5. Bio-process Engineering Principles, Pauline M.Doran. Academic press.

Outcomes: At the end students will know fluid properties, their behavioral characteristics and would be able to calculate pressure drop across the column .They will be able to measure the various fluid properties and handle fluid based equipments and reactors.