Biofluids and Mechanics Mid - II, November - 2014

1.Tendons and ligaments show which of the following viscoelastic phenomenon?
  • Creep
  • Stress Relaxation
  • Hysteresis
  • All of the above
Answer: D
2.Which type of joint is the most mobile? The shoulder and hip are two examples of this type of joint.
  • condyloid joint
  • hinge joint
  • pivot joint
  • ball-and-socket joint
Answer: D
3.The major factors determining blood pressure are
  • cardiac output and peripheral resistance
  • end systolic volume and end diastolic volume
  • the length of the blood vessels
  • the level of carbon dioxide in the blood
Answer: A
4.Emphysema causes destruction of elastic lung tissue. As a result, the elastic recoil of the lungs would ___________ and the compliance of the lungs would _____________.
  • decrease, decrease
  • decrease, increase
  • increase, decrease
  • increase, increase
Answer: B
5.What structure joins a bone to a muscle?
  • Tendon
  • Ligament
  • Cartilage
  • None of the above
Answer: A
6.Cells that produce new cartilage matrix are called
  • chondroblasts
  • chondrocytes
  • chondroclasts
  • osteoblasts
Answer: A
7.The amount of air inspired or expired in a normal inhalation or exhalation is called __________ and has a volume of about ____________ mL
  • tidal volume, 4600
  • vital capacity, 46
  • residual volume, 1200
  • tidal volume, 500
Answer: D
8.When someone is not exercising, most of his total blood volume is in the
  • heart
  • arteries
  • capillaries
  • veins
Answer: D
9.In general, walls of the arteries are __________ those of the veins.
  • thinner than
  • thicker than
  • softer than
  • the same as
Answer: C
10.The walls of capillaries are made of
  • endothelium only
  • endothelium and smooth muscle
  • a tunica interna and a tunica media
  • smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue
Answer: A
11.Even in the unloaded state, there is still some stress in the artery. This stress is known as ________________.
Answer: Residual Stress
12.The amount of air that can be inhaled and exhaled during one normal quiet breathing cycle is called as __________________.
Answer: Tidal Volume
13.The primary building blocks of tendons are __________________ fibers.
Answer: Collagen
14.Articular cartilage because of its ______________ properties acts as the load-bearing cartilage in synovial joints.
Answer: Viscoelastic
15.Patients with mechanical heart valve implants require life-long __________ therapy.
Answer: Anti‐coagulant
16.Pulmonary surfactant reduces surface tension and increases __________ of the lungs.
Answer: Compliance
17.______________ are the biological cells that produce the ligament or tendon.
Answer: Fibroblasts
18.The hysteresis loop is small for the following soft tissue ______________ , _______________ and is large for the ________________.
Answer: Elastin, collagen, smooth muscle
19.Because veins are __________ walled, they easily collapse when they are subjected to external compressions.
Answer: Thin
20.____________ fluid provides lubrication in the ball-and-socket type joints.
Answer: Synovial